General description
Ain Uddin aka Abul Hassan was born in 1253 in the Kushan city of Mawarun Nehar. He is famous in the world by the name of Ameer Khosrow. His father, Saif Uddin Mahmood, was a tribal leader of the Hazara and Hussain ethnic groups. Saif-uddin was an officer in the army of Sultan Shamas Uddin Shamas. When Changaiz Khan invaded the kingdom of Shamas Uddin Shamas, Saif Uddin moved his family to the city of Ghorband in Kabul, Afghanistan. Meanwhile, Shamas granted Saif-uddin agricultural land in Patiali (India). Saif-uddin therefore moved himself to Patiali (India) to take care of said agricultural land. He married the daughter of Emad ul Mulk, who was an army officer, there. Allah Almighty blessed Saif-uddin with three sons. Ameer Khosrow was his youngest child.
li earlyfaith and death
Ameer Khosrow was born in 1253 in Patiali, India. He got his initial education from him in Patiali, India. Khosrow was very intelligent from his childhood. He also gained experience in Arabic, Persian, and calligraphy. Khosrow was blessed with euphony from childhood. His tone of voice was sweet.
Khosrow’s father died when he was eight years old. After his father’s death, his grandfather Emad ul Mulk took care of him. His grandfather also passed away when he was 20 years old. Now Khusrow had matured. He started working as a poet in the office of Ameer Kashlow Khan alias Chhajow. Kashlow Khan alias Chhajow was an administrator to Sultan Ghayas uddin Bulbun. Unfortunately, some differences raised with Chhajow and Ameer Khosrow left his office. Khosrow further joined the office of Baghra Khan Son of Sultan Bulbun.
Professional life of Ameer Khosrow
At that time, Tifral (who was Governor of Bangladesh and Lakhnow) disobeyed Sultan Bulbun and mutinied. Bulbun sends Baghra Khan to counter Tifral Township. Baghra Khan fought Tifral and defeated him. Ameer Khosrow also accompanied Baghra Khan on this adventure. However, Khosrow soon returned to Delhi. Sultan Bulbun celebrates victory in Delhi in which Sultan Mehmood, Sultan Bulbun’s eldest son, also honors the occasion. Sultan Mehmood also met Khosrow at the ceremony and offered him a job at his office in Multan. Khosrow agreed to Sultan Mehmood’s offer. Sultan Mehmood took Khosrow and his close friend Sajzi to Multan. Ameer Khosrow served in the office of Sultan Mehmood for five years in Multan.
Granting of the name Appellative “Ameer”
In 1284, Sultan Mehmood was killed in a war with Sultan Muhammad Maghlon. Khosrow was also arrested in the war but was later released. He moved to Delhi after his release. In 1287, Khosrow began to work in the office of Subedar Adwah Khan Jehan. Khosrow served there for two years. He soon returned to Delhi to take care of his mother. Ameer Khosrow joined Sultan Keeqad’s office as Malikul Shoara (Chief Poets) in Delhi. Sultan Keeqad died in 1290 and his youngest son, Shamas Uddin, became king in his place. Ameer Khalil uddin Feroz Khelji was appointed Shamas Uddin’s teacher. Soon Ameer Khalil uddin Feroz Khelji deposed King Shamas uddin and became king in his place. He gave Khosrow the appellative name “Ameer” in 1290.
Fall of Khalil Uddin Feroz Khelji
Elah Udding Khelji was the nephew and son-in-law of Ameer Khalil uddin Feroz Khelji. He killed Khalil uddin Feroz Khelji and became king in his place. Elah Uddin was very economical and stingy in rewards. Therefore, Khosrow was not happy in his time. However, Khelji granted Ameer Khosrow an entire village in exchange for an ode/epod. It was the pinnacle of Ameer Khosrow’s poetry. Khosrow attached to Khelji’s office for twenty-one years. Qutob Uddin Khelji was the successor of Khalil uddin Feroz Khelji. Qutob Uddin Khelji was also kind to Ameer Khosrow. When Ameer Khosrow wrote “NOWSEHPER”, Qutob Uddin gave him a huge reward.
Era of Ghayas Uddin Tughlaq and death of Khosrow
Ghayas Uddin Tughlaq became king after the fall of the Khelji family rule. He was a religious king, therefore Ameer Khosrow received him warmly. Apparently Ghayas Uddin Tughlaq was kind to Khosrow, but actually he did not like Nizam Uddin Awleya who was Khosrow’s beloved hierarch. Khosrow left the office of King Tughlaq. Ameer Khosrow died on September 28, 1325, and was buried near the tomb of Nizam Uddin Awleya.
Khusro’s love affair with the disciple Nizan Uddin
Ameer Khosrow started the ideology of Nizam Uddin Awleya in 1272. Nizam Uddin Awleya also loved Ameer Khosrow very much. Ameer Khosrow showed his love for his beloved disciple Nizan Uddin in his couplets.
Gentle and temperate personality
Ameer Khosrow was kind and religious. He was polite, cheerful, kind and playful in dealing with colleagues and subordinates. Zia Udding Barfi writes that Khosrow was very religious, simple, straightforward, and well-behaved. Khosrow used to spend his time reciting the Holy Quran and prayers. He also loves his family. Khosrow left the job, the king’s office and everything out of love for his mother. He took very good care of his mother, family and his parents. Khusro wrote painful and heartbreaking threnodies about the death of his mother and his brother in 1298. He could not stand after the death of Nizam Uddin Awleya and his mother.
Popularity and Fame
Ameer Khosrow is one of those lucky poets who gained popularity and fame during his lifetime. He completed most of his books during his lifetime. He himself wrote the preface to the five Diwan (Books) of him. Khosrow also wrote the bibliographies and biographies of his books himself. He also tabulated the edition and classification of his books. Maulana Rumi writes that Khosrow has written ninety-nine books. The following are some of the famous poetry books by him:
has. Tuhfatul Safar
b. Wastul Hayat
against Gharaye Kamal
d. Baqeya Naqeya
me. Neyahatul Kamal
F. Masnavi
gram. Quran Saadain
H. Maftah ul Fatooh
Yo. Eshqia Ya Ashqia
d. Naosehper
k. Tughlaq Nama
ME. Matla ul Anwar
Mister. Shireen Chosroes
No. Laila Majnoon
Y. Ayena-e-Sikandari
p. hashmat boshat
The following are some of his famous prose books:
has. Tareekh-e-Alaqai (Regional History) or Khazain ul Fatooh
b. Ijaz-e-Khosrow
against Afzal ul Fawaid